Notes from:
NBER Summer Institute 2026 Methods Lecture: Estimation and Inference with AI-Generated Data

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Melissa Dell and Ashesh Rambachan on what happens to estimation and inference when the variables in your regression were produced by an ai model. Four segments: what measurement is and where ai enters it; generating hypotheses from unstructured data; debiasing ai labels with a validation sample; and what remains identified when no random validation sample exists.

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